Leaving this here mainly as a reminder to myself.
These options work in both Thunderbird and K-9 Mail, but any client that supports OAuth2 should work.
IMAP
Server/Port: outlook.office365.com:993
Username: (Probably your email address)
Authentication method: OAuth2
SMTP
Server/Port: smtp.office365.com:587
Username: (Same as for IMAP)
Security: STARTTLS
Authentication method: OAuth2